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4. Loops

Nested loops

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Reading 1

Loops inside loops

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The inner loop finishes all of its iterations for each single step of the outer loop.

Nested loops are common for tables, grids, and patterns. Watch the counters: the outer variable changes slowly; the inner one resets often.

If the outer loop runs R times and the inner runs C times each pass, the inner body runs about R * C times.

for (int r = 1; r <= 3; r++) {
    for (int c = 1; c <= 2; c++) {
        cout << r << "," << c << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}

Check 2

How many prints

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Outer runs 3 times, inner runs 4 times each. How many times does the inner cout run?

Fill in 3

Structure

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A loop placed inside another loop is called a

Try it 4

Star rows

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Print a triangle of stars. Change the height.

main.cpp
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Assignment 5

Multiplication row

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Read n. Print the products n*1, n*2, ..., n*5 separated by spaces on one line (no trailing space required beyond normal cout spacing — print each with a space after, ending with newline). Example for 3: 3 6 9 12 15

main.cpp
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do-while, break, continueFunctions